Each of these works compares, both visually and numerically, three content sources surrounding a controversial topic. The source material is presented as 7-bit binary, and plotted in ink on ECG paper, column by column, along with a numeric equivalent.

In looking at a variety of information for these works, what intrigues me is what is included and what is absent in the source text. The meaning of a message is manufactured by the focused and crafted nature of bias allowing us to attach specific value to what is visible. In Duchampian fashion, I include a numeric running total on each ECG panel with a grand total at the far end of each body of content so as to tally the winner of each argument which is the subject of the work.